Summary:
Development and
Growth of personality
In this section we examine Rogers' perception of congruence being
the key to self-actualisation. Positive acceptance of society,
educational methods of parents are also important factors that
contribute to a perception of oneself that is most favourable.
Structure and
Process of Personality
The personality is an organised system that is open to influence by
the environment, and, in turn, can influence the environment. The
personality system contains basic, inherent forces that seem to maintain
the equilibrium of the system and to promote ist growth (ie. Structure).
-- The process: The basic aim of the system is the achievement of
personal growth, which has been construed in terms of
self-actualisation. Growth is a developmental process which proceeds
through phases that are more-or-less distinct from one another. Thus
healthy functioning is based on growth and freedom.
Criticism of the
Theory
Weaknesses: Rogers fails to examine the underlying dynamic
forces of the personality. He does not include the possibility or
preconceived opinions of the therapist that could influence the ideas of
the client (Phenomenological errors). Furthermore the concept of the
self is problematic. Do tests give an accurate picture and how 'real'
are self-perceptions of the client.
Strengths: Rogers has introduced the method of empirical
research, he has developed a new approach to counselling in which the
human aspect is central and the client is assessed holistically.
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Persönlichkeitspsychologie
